Anuradhapura - Sri Lanka
Anuradhapura, located in the North Central Province of Sri Lanka, is a city steeped in history and ancient grandeur. Considered one of the most significant and well-preserved ancient capitals in the world, Anuradhapura holds immense cultural and religious importance for the people of Sri Lanka. From its awe-inspiring ancient ruins to its vibrant spiritual sites, this city offers a glimpse into the country’s rich past. Let’s delve into the captivating wonders of Anuradhapura and discover why it remains a must-visit destination for history enthusiasts and travelers alike.
Anuradhapura served as the capital of Sri Lanka from the 4th century BCE to the 11th century CE, spanning over a millennium. It was established by King Pandukabhaya and went on to become a thriving center of politics, religion, and trade. The city flourished under the rule of successive Sinhalese kings, with the construction of magnificent palaces, monasteries, and reservoirs.
Today, Anuradhapura’s historical significance is recognized worldwide, as it has been designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The sprawling complex encompasses numerous ancient monuments and is revered for its archaeological and architectural value.
One of the most sacred sites in Anuradhapura is the Sri Maha Bodhi, a sacred fig tree that is said to have grown from a cutting of the original Bodhi tree in India, under which Lord Buddha attained enlightenment. Planted more than 2,000 years ago, it is the oldest documented tree in the world and holds immense religious significance for Buddhists worldwide. Devotees and tourists flock to this sacred site to pay their respects and seek blessings in the serene surroundings.
The Ruwanwelisaya stupa is another marvel that stands tall in Anuradhapura. Constructed by King Dutugemunu in the 2nd century BCE, this enormous stupa is a testament to ancient engineering and architectural brilliance. The gleaming white dome, adorned with intricate carvings and surrounded by rows of stone elephants, creates a breathtaking sight. A climb to the top offers panoramic views of the city, allowing visitors to appreciate the grandeur of this ancient capital.
The Jetavanaramaya, built by King Mahasena, was once the tallest stupa in the world, surpassing even the Great Pyramid of Giza in height. Today, although partially in ruins, it remains an impressive structure that showcases the ingenuity and craftsmanship of ancient Sri Lankan engineers. Standing at 122 meters, this iconic stupa is a testament to the grand scale on which construction took place in Anuradhapura.
Beyond its grand stupas, Anuradhapura is also home to several ancient temples. One such temple is the Isurumuniya, renowned for its rock-cut sculptures and tranquil ambiance. The temple complex houses the famous “Isurumuniya Lovers” carving, a masterpiece that depicts a loving couple in an embrace. The temple’s serene surroundings make it a popular spot for meditation and reflection.
Abhayagiri Monastery, established in the 1st century BCE, was a major monastic complex during the reign of ancient Sri Lankan kings. At its peak, it accommodated thousands of monks and played a pivotal role in disseminating Buddhist teachings.
